{"id":3886,"date":"2024-08-16T23:46:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T16:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bsvothanhtoan.com\/?p=3886"},"modified":"2024-08-16T23:46:26","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T16:46:26","slug":"tuoi-xuong-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bsvothanhtoan.com\/en\/tuoi-xuong-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110a s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 huynh \u0111\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u cao l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edbp kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edbp cho tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1ebb.<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a> l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phim ch\u1ee5p X-quang c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng tay ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n, sau \u0111\u00f3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong b\u1ea3ng tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau khi sinh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, x\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng chi. X\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: x\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e0i, x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eafn, x\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1eb9t v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Kh\u1edbp l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eb7p nhau.<\/p>\n

Khi quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f9i qua phim X-quang, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba ph\u1ea7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Bone body<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e0ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecfng (b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i), v\u1ecf x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 khoang x\u01b0\u01a1ng (ch\u1ee9a t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/li>\n
  2. H\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong>: Hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ee9a m\u00f4 x\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ecf x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n
  3. S\u1ee5n x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng tia X): N\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \"H\u00ecnh
    Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Ba lo\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eafn, x\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1eb9t, x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh) c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: v\u1ecf x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed3m m\u00f4 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng, trong khi b\u00ean trong ch\u1ee9a m\u00f4 x\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ed1p v\u1edbi t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00dd Ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

    R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho tr\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 x\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng”. Trong y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, b\u00e1c s\u0129 theo d\u00f5i tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb khi sinh ra \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eady th\u00ec. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed1t h\u00f3a x\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khi x\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gia t\u0103ng, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i sinh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. Tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch qu\u00e1 10% so v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edbp. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    \"H\u00ecnh
    Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Quy Tr\u00ecnh X\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbnh Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng, hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n. B\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p X-quang \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ee5p X-quang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

    Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng cho tr\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. X-ray<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/li>\n
    2. So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng Atlas<\/strong>: D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u00e1c s\u0129 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n
    3. Ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1t x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f3n tay, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t h\u00f3a trong x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 tay v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng li\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng quay.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i hay \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an t\u00e2m cho ph\u1ee5 huynh.<\/p>\n

      \"Xem
      Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      M\u1ee5c \u0110\u00edch X\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbnh Tu\u1ed5i X\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

      X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n